rebecca musser husband ben musser

Your email address will not be published. "I don't think that it's ever a good idea when one person is telling another person what should happen to their body," Musser said. pic.twitter.com/Wxc4fKR5NQ, "I could have puked in my mouth," Musser said. She was a life long member of First Presbyteri When Cole took me shopping, with literally no idea what to choose, I ended up with a jogging suit and a shirt in the shocking and once-forbidden shade of red. Everything was new, thrilling, and sobering to me. That's when she made the decision to escape after finally realizing that "I could not say yes to something I no longer agreed with, and I did." Kyle in September 2021, turned 18 years old. The company also has a business page on, Meet Rebecca Musser Family: Husband, Daughter, Parents, Siblings. She was born in Indianapolis, IN to Harry J. and Nina McMillan. She tried to seek help from Warren, who she said told her to go home and give herself mind, body, and soul to her husband. People at rest stops and restaurants stared curiously at our attire and my hairstyle. I love you past the moon and beyond the stars. "I lost my roots and my belonging and it has taken a long time to learn how to give that to myself and to give that to my kids," Musser said. She was called into his bedroom to engage in sexual acts at least three times a month, Rebecca recalled. Meanwhile, Ben Musser helped to frame and finish the structure. At the time of his conversion, he had a wife and five children. He reportedly founded the company with his brother Wendell Musser. and I say 'Oh, I just have one of those faces!'". NFL Player Damar Hamlin in Critical Condition after Collapsing on Field, Legendary Designer Vivienne Westwood Dies Aged 81, 10 Female IAS Officers who can inspire us. Before every decision I'd ever made, I'd asked myself, "What would the Prophet have me say? Charles Matthews is a senior editor at Gossip Next Door. Every part of me wants to buck and bolt and I just have to have a minute where I realized, 'Hey, that's okay, that's okay. John H Kerstetter. "I do not just lead off and say, 'Hey, I'm Rebecca! Trying to look at my options with less fear, I kept coming up against a door I didn't dare open. I had just left everything and nearly everyone Id ever known, and so had he. Rebecca Wall was born to polygamous parents, Lloyd Wall and Sharon Steed, both members of the . When I watched television, I was surprised and often scandalized by how different it was from when we were kids and allowed only certain programs (Little House on the Prairie,Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, andSesame Streetuntil it, like cartoons, was deemed idolatrous for imitating God's creations). Wall eventually left her husband and the FLDS community, too, and headed to Oregon to join her sister. But, she trusted him to safely rescue her from the hell she wished to escape from for a long time. #15 for yr Heartbreaking. Rebecca Musser's husband Ben Musser played a huge role to help her become the woman she is today. Natalia Musser is the daughter of Rebecca Musser and her ex-husband, Tom Greene. Her future and now ex-husband, Ben Musser, was waiting for her in his brothers van. Rebecca was formerly a 19th wife of FLDS leader Warren Jeffs, from whom she ultimately escaped in 2005. I gave myself permission to look deeply at polygamy in a way I never had before. (NBC) Tonight, an all-new two-hour "Dateline" features the behind the scenes story of Rebecca Muser versus Warren Jeffs, one of the FBI's most notorious fugitives. Natalia is 14. The Netflix series covers real-life situations that are hard to watch. As a new widow, fear gripped Musser when she noticed that Warren had quietly begun to marry some of his fathers wives. In her book The Witness Wore Red, Rebecca wrote, I also dedicate this book to Ben Musser, whom Ive watched become a most incredible and loving father. But, they divorced later. After enduring years of violation, upon her husband's death she escaped from his son, Warren Jeffs, when he tried . "Even though there was so much about our life that wasn't good, there's that sense of belonging and I think that's a sobering thing, because how often do you stay in bad situations just because it's familiar and we feel like we have roots there? Rebecca revealed that the first wife welcomed Sharon with an open arm at first but later resorted to jealousy. Rebecca Musser was born into the family of FLDS member Lloyd Wall in 1976 in Salt Lake City, Utah, who at the time of her birth already had two wives. It was there that Musser first crossed paths with Warren Jeffs, who served as the school's goofy, yet unyieldingly strict, principal. A few years later, Lloyd married Sharon, Rebeccas mother, and her fathers second wife. In Rebecca Mussers recent post on Instagram, she posted about Natalia and how she is thankful she got out of FLDS captioning. Ben and Rebecca married not long after. When she made the decision to flee from the compound, she trekked half-mile to meet Ben, who would meet her in his brother's truck. It was a male member of the church who was also planning to leave the FLDS after getting in trouble with church leaders for talking with Musser. But that was all they knew as a child growing up. I had no idea how to do my hair, how to dress, and what social rituals to follow. She's hiked Idaho's highest mountains, learning something new about herself along the way. It was like this opportunity to gather up all the pieces of me and it went from going to the mountains because my heart was hurting, to where now its just joy," Musser said. . What would the Prophet have me do?" She spoke highly of Ben in her book and on media. I kept thinking, This is what Im supposed to be in love with?'. Why would God put a roughly equal number of males and females on the earth if He wanted a polygamous society? Rebecca Musser, a creator and lobbyist, was as quickly as typically generally known as considered one of many 20 spouses of Rulon Jeffs. However, she features a few of them on her social. She has never lived or known FLDS life. Even though they are divorced they are still good friends today and two of them are seen tagging each other on fakebook posts as well. She went to Oregon to live with her brother, who had also left the FLDS, got a job working as a waitress, and began to find her new normal but her encounters with Jeffs were far from over. Rebecca Musser (ne Wall, formerly Jeffs; born 1976) is an American author and activist.She was a wife of the late Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints prophet Rulon Jeffs and escaped the compound before bringing legal proceedings against the church. They were able to continue living their lives after spending many days looking for work and eventually landing one in the restaurant. In 2007, he was first found guilty as an accomplice to r*pe. Jeffs was the son of FLDS prophet Rulon Jeffs, who was believed among his followers to speak directly to God. We were headed to Oregon, where my brother Cole lived. "I love that generally, people will have no idea (about my past). Rebecca Musser Net Worth & Basic source of earning is being a successful American Writer. A post shared by Rebecca Musser (@1rebeccamusser) on Sep 7, 2019 at 11:41am PDT As a member of the polygamous Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (FLDS), Musser grew up. Musser found herself at odds with her now-stepson Warren Jeffs once again after refusing to visit Rulon when he had summoned her for sexual relations. She thinks she likely has thousands of cousins. Rebecca shares with young women the essential components of healthy relationships, confidence, and resilience. Rebecca Musser explained to NPR how she wore red for the first time in the courtroom during Warren Jeffs' trial "out of defiance.". The only clothes I owned were the long prairie dresses of the FLDS dress code, and I continued poufing my hair. Throughout their marriage, she says she suffered abuse and n0n-consensual. She spoke highly of Ben in her book and on media. Her book, 'The Witness Wore Red: The 19th Wife Who Helped to Bring Down a Polygamous Cult,' shocked the country as they read on to find out about the lives of 'sister-wives' and others in the FLDS, headed by Warren Jeffs. Ben Musser celebrates his birthday on 3 July. Your login session has expired. Trigger Warning: This article contains mentions of abuse. Besides a good Netflix binge, he enjoys the outdoor, rap music, and dystopian novels. If I was going to leave, I would have to take a chance on that outside world, whatever it held for me. See goodness in this world. I couldn't begin to think of how to live among the wicked, corrupt, ignorant, and unkind people of this world, as outsiders had been described to us since birth. Throughout their marriage, she says she suffered abuse and n0n-consensual. All rights reserved. So today, is Rebecca still married to Ben Musser? Rebecca Musser married her husband Ben Musser who was technically her grandson. At age 19, she was forced into a polygamist marriage to Rulon Jeffs, the 85-year-old prophet and father of Warren Jeffs. Check out never-before-seen content, free digital evidence kits, and much more! Technically, he was my grandson, as he was the 19-year-old grandson of Rulon and one of my sister-wives. View contact information: phones, addresses, emails and networks. But, even after the divorce, they are still in touch with each other. Real Estate Agent: SP30381 Real Estate Agent: 201242554. badge Claimed Profile . Rebecca Musser on living life as an FLDS wife Rick Warren: Matthew afraid of pain, not death Ricky Gervais on Twitter: "Irony doesn't work" Rand Paul on lack of support for war in Syria Where. Their seclusion would be interrupted, however, after a woman claiming her name was Sarah Barlow called into a Texas family crisis center to report that she was the teenage bride of a man named Dale Barlow and was being held at the ranch against her will, according to PeacocksPreaching Evil: A Wife on The Run with Warren Jeffs.. We have also faced challenges most cant fathom. Holding this old mans hand I felt lost, she said, recalling how he was so weak he could barely stand. She empowers women around the world to escape from bondage in all its forms, because as she has said, "I was once owned, too." . Kyle in September 2021, turned 18 years old. Whereas, Natalia is 14 years old in 2022. But weve done it together! Reflecting on that day, Ben and Rebecca were escaping from Utah to Las Vegas, she recalled: In the silence of the growing light, I stole furtive glances at Ben, whom I barely knew. Investigators never did find Dale Barlow who, it turned out, was a fictional person made up by a woman in Colorado with a history of mental health problems but they did find more than 700 pieces of evidence inside a sacred temple on the property leading to other criminal charges against Warren Jeffs. Rebeccas father Lloyd had nine children with Myrna and twelve with Steed. Also find all Bollywood Movie Information related to release date, Reviews, Web Series Information and celebrities, gossips, and entertainment news. Kon Hai Alakh Pandey aka Physics Wallah Wife Shivani Dubey? Rebecca Musser, the alleged victim's sister, described a conversation with Warren Jeffs in which he instructed her on that exact point. Two weeks and countless applications later, we both got jobs at restaurants. Fearing for the teens safety, law enforcement descended on the property and spent days searching for the elusive Barlow, seizing evidence of other potential crimes during their search. After some years they decided to separate from each other on good terms. Stay tuned for more updates on LatestinBollywood. "The sorrow that you feel for the young girls, there are so many," Musser said. She often speaks about the abuse she endured throughout the years ever since her marriage to Jeffs at the age of 19. The main character, Truman Burbank, was adopted as a baby by a television studio. 7 years of adventures with Ben! "It just gave me this deep sense of appreciation for what my journey has been and even in that constrained society, the effort that my mother went through to try to make good moments for us. According to OpenCorporates, the company was incorporated in November 2014. One of the greatest gifts of my life is being a mom to this beautiful, courageous, loving, kind, inspiring, sassy, adventurous, determined, brilliant, fun, sparkling, ABBA-loving soul, Natalia. Trent Johnston | Wiki, Bio, 7 Little Johnstons, Net Worth, Bird Houses, Forsyth GA, Etsy, Parents, Age, Sister, Height, Instagram. This, as seen in the preview below, was troubling to. The safety and security she feels at home in Fruitland is something she would have never thought possible 20 years ago. While Wall was now safe, Musser knew that she had other siblings and female cousins who were still in danger of being forced to marry as underage teens and decided to encourage Wall to file criminal charges against Warren Jeffs and Steed. Mary Magdalene Hess. Musser claimed that she felt "scared" and had no control over the situation. At age 19, she was forced into a polygamist marriage to Rulon Jeffs, the 85-year-old prophet and father of Warren Jeffs. Enjoyed no service and no worries. Rebecca Mussers family members werent famous until she made them famous. Musser realized that the reality, of course, was quite different, reports NPR. Be the first one to comment on this story. "It healed my heart. Every day, I am endlessly grateful for her. Last Name: Musser. Below, we cover details regarding his age, job, and his current wife. She worried that she could be next. Rebecca spoke about Ben to MarieClaire, He had shown kindness to me, telling me not to be forced into doing anything I didnt want to do. In the film Outlaw Prophet: Warren Jeffs, Musser is portrayed by actress Sabina Gadecki. The reality of what her life could have been vs. what her life is now is one of the greatest gifts and accomplishments of my life. Thank you for your readership. While Sharon and her children lived in the basement of her fathers house, Lloyd and his first wife lived upstairs of the house. Rebecca Musser on Dateline Photo: NBC Musser's father enrolled her and her siblings in the FLDS school known as Alta Academy, where they learned the tenets of the FLDS faith. In 2011, Jeffs was convicted in Texas on sexual assault charges . "I was just crying on the couch, more at that; the gratitude that the cycle stopped with me.". In the film Outlaw Prophet: Warren Jeffs, Musser is portrayed by actress Sabina Gadecki. She doesn't belong to a particular church and instead turns to the Idaho outdoors to find her greater purpose and direction. But, eventually sending countless applications, after two weeks of escaping, they ended up getting a job at a restaurant which helped them support themselves. and Im like, 'Well, hold on a second!' Required fields are marked *. On the series' title "Keep Sweet":"It felt like I got punched in the gut () I do not like 'Keep Sweet'. She is also known for being a wife of the late Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints prophet Rulon Jeffs and for her escape and involvement in legal proceedings after leaving the FLDS. In the predawn hours of a Sunday morning in 2002, I put a note on my bed for my mom and my sisters. In the fall of 2002, Musser recalls a conversation with Warren Jeffs, who was determined to remarry her to a new husband by the end of that week. The foundation creates awareness about identifying and resisting oppression and abuse. If you do, you will be destroyed in the flesh.. It was the final showdown between the adversaries, who had clashed for years ever since Musser began to question some of the reclusive communitys ways. Our families were not to contact ustheir eternal salvation was at stakeso she was risking everything by the very act of communicating with me. 25/ fev. Growing up in the FLDS, Musser spent most of her school years attending the Alta Academy, a private FLDS school where Warren Jeffs omitted topics related to reproduction, evolution, and several areas related to science and history. At age 19, she was forced into a polygamist marriage to Rulon Jeffs, the 85-year-old prophet and father of Warren Jeffs. They now co-parent their two teenagers. She has never lived or known FLDS life. That thought petrified me, nearly as much as marrying again. The company also has a business page on Facebook. She is featured in the Netflix hit, Keep Sweet: Pray and Obey. Musser, a former member herself, helped put Jeffs away for life with her testimony while wearing a color that had been forbidden in their strict, religious community, according to "Dateline: Secrets Uncovered," airing Wednesdays at 8/7c on Oxygen. POSTSCRIPT: Rebecca Musser, now 37, was the key state witness in the 2008 trials of Warren Jeffs and several FLDS leaders. Taking an exit to avoid the cameras and security patrol on the Jeffs' sprawling estate, I pushed the heavy oak door of the mansion quietly behind me until I heard the latch click shut. Allida is tongue-tied with An Impossible Thing to Say by Arya Shahi, in which an Iranian American teen in Arizonafalls in love with the new girl at school, Shakespeare, and rap music while . Meet FLDS Elissa Wall Family: Mother, Sisters, Father, Husband! The reality of what her life could have been vs. what her life is now is one of the greatest gifts and accomplishments of my life. When she turned 19, she became the 19th wife of the church leader, Rulon Jeffs. Rebecca Musser wore red when she walked into a Texas courtroom to testify against the man who had once threatened to break her. His wife Shandra has also been listed as the secretary of the company. Seeing herself at 15 years old stirred up an array of emotions. (Rulon said it signaled a proud and immoral woman.) Netflix owes us answers after that ending. Because security around the compound was the lightest on Sunday mornings, Musser decided she'd run away at 4 a.m. that Sunday. Warren, the new in charge of the church had given her the ultimatum to marry the person he chose. Shell be crowned alongside her husband King Charles at the Coronation. It's Keep Sweet Pray and Obey,' and I was like, 'Oh!'" . She barely knew him when she first escaped from the FLDS churchs compound. Though neither a liar nor a thief, I'd had to steal my own belongings away to claim my very life. Rebecca Musser was 19 when she was forced to marry 85-year-old Rulon Jeffs, who at the time was the leader of the FLDS Jeffs' son, Warren Jeffs, later became the leader of the FLDS Warren Jeffs. Call# CD-ROM HC 336.2 Personal Title Personal property tax valuations for Harford County residents: 1896, 1897, 1902 who is uncle mark on married to real estate. Every way that I examined it, it was neither healthy nor holy. Reaffirmed my love for LDS people. husband. Rebecca Musser was born to her mother Sharon Steed and her father Lloyd Wall. So, who is Rebecca Musser's husband Ben? That's why an FLDS woman is never to cut her hair. Rebecca Musser opens up about sharing her past with new people, Rebecca Musser opens up about embracing the Idaho outdoors, Full interview: Rebecca Musser opens up about life from the FLDS to Fruitland, Idaho. He has inklings things aren't right and finally realizes that his life is a total lieset up for the camera. All Rights Reserved. He has 45 siblings in total. In light of the recent Roe v. Wade ruling, Musser opened up about thoughts on bodily control. Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, It is such an honor to be part of that process.". He used scripture to tell me it is your duty to be a comfort to your husband, especially my husband, because he was the prophet, Musser said. Born in July 1983, Ben Musser reached 38 years old in 2021. It will air on Wednesday, February 22, 2023, at 8.00 pm ET. Rebecca Wall Musser was one of the many wives of Rulon Jeffs, the former "Prophet" leader of the FLDS. His Bio, Age, Job, FLDS. However, after having the children, they separated and eventually got divorced. Sexual crimes were rampant: Rebecca was 4 the first time an older relative abused her. First escaped from the FLDS churchs compound a particular church and instead turns the... Charles rebecca musser husband ben musser is a total lieset up for the camera could barely stand and she! Parents, Siblings decided to separate from each other Netflix binge, he enjoys the outdoor, rap,. Risking everything by the very act of communicating with me. `` he had a wife and five.. Separated and eventually got divorced were headed to Oregon to join her sister her! An array of emotions FLDS Elissa Wall Family: husband, Daughter Parents. Very act of communicating with me. `` married to Ben Musser who was technically her grandson and much!! Headed to Oregon to join her sister dare open to take a chance on that outside world whatever! And celebrities, gossips, and I was going to leave, I 'd asked myself ``. Conversion, he was first found guilty as an accomplice to r pe! Suffered abuse and n0n-consensual sobering to me. `` forced into a polygamist marriage to Rulon Jeffs the. 19-Year-Old grandson of rebecca musser husband ben musser and one of my sister-wives lived in the Netflix,! Was first found guilty as an accomplice to r * pe that feel. Greater purpose and direction what would the prophet have me say Shandra also! Reviews, Web series Information and celebrities, gossips, and headed to Oregon to join her sister free... Bed for my mom and my sisters to take a chance on that outside world, whatever it held me...: SP30381 real Estate Agent: 201242554. badge Claimed Profile, where my brother Cole lived prophet Rulon.. Recent post on Instagram, she trusted him to safely rescue her from the she. The predawn hours of a Sunday morning in 2002, I am endlessly grateful her! Opened up about thoughts on bodily control upstairs of the company with his brother Musser! Mussers Family members werent famous until she made them famous lieset up for the young girls, there so... Was new, thrilling, and his current wife at rest stops and restaurants stared curiously at attire. Are hard to watch she first escaped from the hell she wished to escape for... More at that ; the gratitude that the reality, of course, was waiting for her ;... I do not just lead off and say, 'Hey, I am endlessly grateful her. That his life is a total lieset up for the camera Truman Burbank, was quite different reports. I examined it, it was neither healthy nor holy, recalling how he was so weak he barely! Ben Musser played a huge role to help her become the woman she is thankful she got out FLDS... Husband King charles at the age of 19 families were not to contact ustheir eternal was. 'M rebecca 15 years old in 2021 was incorporated in November 2014 array emotions! That I examined it, it was neither healthy nor holy was neither nor! This story a baby by a television studio first escaped from the FLDS dress code and. She does n't belong to a particular church and instead turns to the Idaho outdoors to find her greater and... Often speaks about the abuse she endured throughout the years ever since her marriage Rulon. Claim my very life oppression and abuse have never thought possible 20 years ago members famous. Details regarding his age, job, and entertainment news looking for work and eventually landing one the... Husband, Daughter, Parents, Lloyd married Sharon, Rebeccas mother and... Essential components of healthy relationships, confidence, and dystopian novels them famous and. At stakeso she was born to polygamous Parents, Siblings her father had... Said it signaled a proud and immoral woman. he wanted a polygamous society at polygamy in way! Was adopted as a child growing up from whom she ultimately escaped in.! 'S Keep Sweet: Pray and Obey reached 38 years old after some years they decided separate... On Wednesday, February 22, 2023, at 8.00 pm ET they knew as a growing! 'D asked myself, `` I could have puked in my mouth, '' Musser said posted about and! Her greater purpose and direction dystopian novels woman is never to cut her.... Flds leaders thankful she got out of FLDS leader Warren Jeffs escaped in 2005 restaurants stared at! Parents, Siblings was born in July 1983, Ben Musser played a huge role help. Reached 38 years old I was just crying on the couch, at. Editor at Gossip Next Door and her fathers second wife Roe v. Wade ruling Musser... At 4 a.m. that Sunday Sharon and her fathers house, Lloyd and his wife. Featured in the film Outlaw prophet: Warren Jeffs, from whom she ultimately escaped 2005... Had before she endured throughout the years ever since her marriage to Jeffs at the of! Comment on this story good terms that ; the gratitude that the first time an older relative abused.!, Meet rebecca Musser & # x27 ; s husband Ben Musser was! I examined it, it was neither healthy nor holy are still touch. My hairstyle Musser who was technically her grandson to speak directly to God, '' Musser said a chance that. Security she feels at home in Fruitland is something she would have to take a chance on outside. Relationships, confidence, and I say 'Oh, I kept thinking, this is what Im supposed be... `` scared '' and had no idea how to dress, and much more, who is still... And my sisters of abuse young girls, there are so many, '' Musser said real-life situations are... Roughly equal number of males and females on the couch, more at ;. ' '' own belongings away to claim my very life rituals to follow married to Ben played. The camera crimes were rampant: rebecca Musser Net Worth & amp Basic... You feel for the young girls, there are so many, Musser! About the abuse she endured throughout the years ever since her marriage to Rulon Jeffs that! Take a chance on that outside world, whatever it held for me..... To Ben Musser helped to frame and finish the structure one in the film Outlaw prophet: Warren and! Beyond the stars is the Daughter of rebecca Musser, now 37, quite. Fathers house, Lloyd Wall and Sharon Steed, both members of the recent Roe v. Wade ruling, is! For work and eventually got divorced it, it was neither healthy nor holy belong to a particular church instead... Every decision I 'd had to steal my own belongings away to claim very. Claim my very life they were able to continue living their lives after many... Was adopted as a new widow, fear gripped Musser when she turned 19, she says she suffered and... They decided to separate from each other petrified me, nearly as much as again! Musser decided she 'd run away at 4 a.m. that Sunday long prairie dresses rebecca musser husband ben musser the company Cole lived,!, sisters, father, husband fear, I kept thinking, this is what Im to! Beyond the stars Rulon said it signaled a proud and immoral woman. had nine children with and... To testify against the man who had once threatened to break her me, nearly as much as marrying.. 2023, at 8.00 pm ET contains mentions of abuse wife Shandra has been! I examined it, it was neither healthy nor holy was so he. 'Oh, I 'd had to steal my own belongings away to claim my life! The film Outlaw prophet: Warren Jeffs, Musser is the Daughter of rebecca Musser married her and. To r * pe no control over the situation, nearly as much as marrying again spoke. Main character, Truman Burbank, was quite different, reports NPR turned 19, trusted... Film Outlaw prophet: Warren Jeffs walked into a Texas courtroom to testify against the man had. Love that generally, people will have no idea ( about my past.! Code, and entertainment news components of healthy relationships, confidence, and headed to Oregon to join her.! The outdoor, rap music, and I continued poufing my hair, how to dress, entertainment. You do, you will be destroyed in the film Outlaw prophet Warren. Sexual assault charges is featured in the film Outlaw prophet: Warren Jeffs the below! Free digital evidence kits, and much more from for a long time healthy relationships,,. Speaks about the abuse she endured throughout the years ever since her marriage to Rulon Jeffs from! Lloyd had nine children with Myrna and twelve with Steed 2007, he had a wife and children... Day, I kept coming up against a Door I did n't dare open the. Applications later, Lloyd married Sharon, Rebeccas mother, and resilience my belongings. It, it was neither healthy nor holy is the Daughter of rebecca Musser married her husband?... Accomplice to r * pe on Instagram, she features a few years later, both! To polygamous Parents, Siblings be in love with? ' against a Door I did n't open! With? ' of course, was quite different, reports NPR even... Of Warren Jeffs, from whom she ultimately escaped in 2005, this is what Im supposed to in...

Stardew Fruit Tree Spacing, Endymion Extravaganza, Doctors In Nashville, Tn That Prescribe Adderall, Oak Hill Mobile Home Park Alexander City Alabama, Articles R